Drug Courts in the US Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Drug Courts in the US - Research Paper Example This research paper aims at compiling a report on the effectiveness of drug courts in the United States. Brooklyn treatment court is among the largest drug courts in New York. This court documented the effectiveness of drug courts in reforming drug offenders struggling with addiction. It is documented that this court views drug offenders as individuals struggling with a chronic disease and not as a moral breakdown viewed by the judicial system. This court comes up with bands of treatment that have measurements of success used in evaluating the progress of the offender. Though the offenders upon release often come back with similar charges, the court views relapse as inevitable in any offender being rehabilitated from drug. The court reports that since the intervention measures adopted in drug courts are situation specific and contextualized their effectiveness in reforming the offenders is inevitable (Dorf & Sabel, 2000). Consequently, effectiveness of drug courts in the United States is also documented in the Belenko’s study. From his study of drug courts, it is reported that drug courts reported higher retention rates as they emphasized a more closer and comprehensive framework and supervision with the offenders. The drug testing which evidenced reduced levels in subsequent visits evidenced this. In addition, drug courts aided in judicial saving since there was reduces jail and prison use (Belenko, 2003). Subsequently, drug courts have been documented to reduce criminality. This is attributed to the fact that the offenders are under the strict supervision of their supervisors and have to report to the court. This reduces the chances for them to engage in criminal activities. It is documented that the main aim of any correction strategy is to reduce the rate of recidivism. Drug courts have been documented to be effective since they have been documented to reduce the rate of recidivism with a substantial margin (Weiman, 2007). Members of the

Persuasive Communications, Campaigning and Public Opinion & Reputation Essay

Persuasive Communications, Campaigning and Public Opinion & Reputation Management - Essay Example After the first week, communities can hire teams of two police to patrol their neighborhood for a set fee. The fee that will be charged each community will depend upon different factors – how many homes will be patrolled, what the historical crime rate is in each community, and the ability of that community to pay. The MPS will make it known that they will not necessarily charge poor communities more, if they have higher crime rates, acknowledging that these are the very communities that would need the Rent-A-Cop services the most. The MPS will also hold periodic press releases regarding the program. Included in these press releases will be the rate in apprehending criminals, as well as an overall overview of the program’s successes. The purpose of these press releases will be to keep the program in the public eye. The press releases will feature not only the rates of apprehending criminals, but will also feature â€Å"feel good† anecdotes, where the officer conducting the press release will detail the charitable work that the rent-a-cops do for the communities, and any human interest stories that might arise during the course of the officers’ tenure in these

Use of Alcohol (Halal Issue) Essay Example for Free

Use of Alcohol (Halal Issue) Essay A controversial issue of Halal is the presence of alcohol in food and beverage. Traditionally, consumers and Islamic jurists have identified alcohol as a substance that is Haram for consumption, whilst the process of fermentation is perceived as an unethical process as it produces intoxicants. Since alcohol exists in small quantities in Halal food products, consumers are unsure of its legal values and whether it can be consumed. However, food producer claims that the fermentation processes itself are not unethical. In fact, the processes are essential in major industrial applications especially food processing and flavoring. Alcohol is pervasive in the food industry in its indispensable role as food soluble, flavoring and preservatives. These distinctive features of alcohol as solvent agents are also extensively applied in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, drugs and antibiotics, and other industrial applications. The total value of the application of alcohol in these industries is in the billions of dollars considering that just in the soft drink sector alone, for example, Coca Cola reported sales of USD22billion in its 2004 annual report.(Alcohol is used as solvent in this industry). Alcohol occurs as a result of the processes of fermentation and in industrial applications, fermentation has proven to be an economically and commercially viable mode to produce alcohol. The type of alcohol that is commonly extracted through this process for the food industry is known as ethanol, which in its purest form would be harmful for consumption. Thus, ethanol is always mixed with other substances to render it safe for consumption.

Human Nature :: essays papers

Human Nature In â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† , human nature is the same as it would be in just about any story that we would read or hear. Human nature is no different in Burma than anywhere else in the world. In this story we see different degrees of human nature, from completely normal to in some cases extreme. This essay is mainly focused on peer pressure. â€Å"Should I shoot the elephant or should I not?† or â€Å"Will I lose face with these people if I don’t shoot the elephant?† In this essay, I will discuss the traits of the different characters. Orwell was the kind of person that did not have a very high self-esteem. He did not have his ducks in a row, so to speak. I don’t think that Orwell was one to function under pressure. He would give in to what he thought the people of Burma wanted, not to what he wanted. But secretly inside he hated the environment in which he lived, he hated the imperialistic government in which resided in Burma. He hated the residents of Burma. He stated that he would love to stick his bayonette into the stomach of a Buddhist priest. He felt all of this hatred for the people around him, but yet he felt as if he had to go along with everything and everyone else just to live in harmony. As Orwell was summoned to the â€Å"tiny incident† as he called it, taking care of the elephant situation, he found that the residents of the village did not know exactly what was going on with the elephant until they found out that there could possibly be a shooting, or at least some excitement. For example, he asked some of the villagers if they had seen the elephant. Some said that the elephant went to the left and some said that the elephant went to the right and some did not even know about the elephant at all. The people seemed to be only out for themselves. They were not interested in the situation until they found out that they might be able to benefit from it. This is typical of people in any culture, especially in present times. In the last paragraph of Orwell’s essay, there had been two men that had feelings on the shooting of the elephant.

God and His Mission

Eileen Paulino One of seven virtues of ancient Greek times was faith. Faith is complete trust or confidence in someone or something. Regardless of where we are in our lives we always maintain faith that we will either advance in life or things will simply get better. I myself didn’t always have faith I didn’t think that if I wanted something bad enough it would happen for me. I always looked around at my surroundings and saw myself as a Hispanic female with goals and ambition who no matter how hard she worked wouldn’t amount to much because to most of the world around me I was simply that a Hispanic female from the Bronx.There was definitely a time when I lost all faith in myself my world seemed to be crashing down right before my eyes. On August 11th of 2009 I lost someone who was very important to me, my uncle. We were so much alike sthrong personalities and two people who wanted more in life and had faith that somehow or some way we would provide better for ou r families. I was much younger but losing him caused me to want to give up I didn’t understand why it was that he had been taken from me he was one of a couple of people of who had faith in me and how far I could go in life see I’ve always had a passion for fashion.For along as I can remember it has been a great part of me. When I lost my uncle I felt as though I hadn’t done enough while he was around and that now I was being punished with having to deal with his lost and a family who was devastated. My mother had lost her brother and my grandmother her eldest son for so long their faces had no idea as to what a smile was and seeing my mother and grandmother so down caused great change in me.I no longer was doing well in school and for the first time in my life I stopped drawing and fashion wasn’t as important to me anymore. As time progressed I wasn’t getting any better I had tried to make myself believe that my uncle was still on vacation in the Dominican Republic and that he would be back but these unrealistic hopes as time went by became just that I was being faced with the fact that he was gone. My mother soon enough began to see me giving up on my dream and that I was not doing well in school anymore and it started to tear her apart.My mother was and still is my biggest cheerleader when I didn’t have faith in myself she did so why was I letting her down? At some point it hit me that everything happens for a reason and that my uncle was in a better place he as no longer suffering and regardless he was looking down on me and he wouldn’t have liked for me to give on my dream so I needed to have faith in myself that I could go on and that regardless of how the rest of the world perceives me I can become someone.There’s no reason to lose faith because life handed me a tough time I realized this should motivate me to have more faith in myself and who I believed I was destined to be. I began to do better i n school and started to draw again, fashion is my calling and I should’ve never lost faith my myself. Till this day although I’m still very young have so much more to learn and I haven’t accomplished my dream I don’t lose faith in that one day I will and that’s all thanks to my mother.My mother was born and raised in the Dominican republic and she always had faith that her life will someday turn around and when she had her family she would provide them with a better life then she was given and till this day she hasn’t failed us, she’s been the best mother anyone could ever ask for and for my lifetime I’ll be grateful she never lost faith in me because thanks to her I didn’t lose faith in myself and I’m still fighting for my dream.The first reading I came across with my professor this semester was â€Å"Sherman Alexie The Joy of Reading and Writing : Superman and me†, this is a short story about a Spokane In dian who’s will to be better and great faith in himself allowed for great success to come his was regardless of the challenges he faced in his earlier life.

Analysis of a Small Group Communication in 12 Angry Men - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 829 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/04 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: 12 Angry Men Essay Film Analysis Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION In the Twelve Angry Men film, the actions and behaviors of the Jurors reveal the concept of a small group communication. According to Rozell and Gundersen (2003), group communication is comprised of both task and social components (p. 201). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis of a Small Group Communication in 12 Angry Men" essay for you Create order Twelve men were selected to serve as jurors on the trial of an 18-year-old boy who had being prosecuted for allegedly stabbing his father to death. This setting took place In a New York courthouse. The prosecutors had several eyewitness testimonies, and the evidence, a knife that they needed to convict the 18-year-old boy. The jury must deliberate until a unanimous decision is reached. This is an example of Shared Norms; this group is trying to reach a specific goal. We continue to explore further about the different personality in the group in order, to examine their commitments, and how they related, in which complementary skills, justification, personal agendas being utilized before achieving the group goal. In the organization behavior perspective, individual personality, mood, and emotions are among the barriers and constraints in making decisions. The case appeared to open and shut case. However, there was one, Juror No. 8 who cast doubt on the case. This juror holdout and mad e every attempt to prevent a miscarriage of justice by forcing his colleagues to reconsider the evidence. ANALYSIS As the deliberations unfold, one can see the different personalities of the jurors. By recognizing the different personality of the group, it was easier to handle any dynamic that arose within the group. Juror 3 was the aggressor, he was loud, stubborn and emotional. He is also prejudiced against the defendant because he reminds him of his son, from whom he is estranged. Juror 10 the joker he was always disrupting the group. Juror 12 the Self -Confessor, he kept telling everyone irrelevant stories about his work and had no real inputs for the group. Juror 7 the Withdrawer kept referring to his baseball game and was distracted throughout the group interaction. Juror 10 was prejudice against the defendant because he was from the slums, and believed everyone from the slums are criminals, he had a lot of outbursts and tried to convince Juror 8 to vote guilty. Juror 1 was appointed the foreman of the group but did not have much interaction with the group as a leader, he seems to listen mo re to the other jurors than providing his comments or opinions, his behavior causes a shift in leadership. Juror 8 emerged as a leader of the group. He exhibited task-oriented leadership style. As our textbook pointed out a task leader is a person who keeps the group focused on the primary goal or task by setting agendas. One of the most important qualities of leadership is the ability to stay calm, focused and able to interact. Juror 8 possess all those qualities. He did not attempt to dominate the group but rather allowing the jury members to rely on each other for direction. He asked a lot of questions which enable the other jurors to analyze the evidence in a more concrete manner. He also asked jurors to put aside their biases. He stated Its not so easy for me to raise my hand and send a boy off to die without talking about it first. He believes everyone deserves justice and a fair trial. He suggested new ways to solve the problem, he asked the jury to deliberate for at least an hour, so he could present the evidence, an identical knife that he purchased in a pawn shop two blocks from where the defendant lived, shattering the claim that the knife was so unique and identifiable, he also disputed the testimony of an old man who could not have been at his door in time to see the accused fleeing. He presented an in-depth analysis of the facts of the case. The inconsistencies that he pointed out slowly convince the other jurors to vote not guilty. CONCLUSION We see the power of task-oriented leadership, the cycle of the changing role of leadership, and great effort it takes to change a random collection of individuals into a winning team. Group Cohesion stands to explain the degree to which each of the members of the group desire to remain in the group. Juror 8 changes the entire story of the young boy when he convinces his other eleven jurors that the two key witnesses for the case were mistaken and that they could not be really considered. He also showed empathy by asking other jurors to put themselves in the boys shoes. He talks about what it must have been like for the teenager, constantly pushed around by his father, and living in rough and slum-like conditions. He wasnt using these as excuses, but rather because it provided context for much of the evidence that was being used against the accused. His leadership trait was extremely effective. References Rozell, E. J., Gundersen, D. E. (2003). The Effects of Leader Impression Management on Group Perceptions of Cohesion, Consensus, and Communication. Small Group Research, 34(2)

Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 - 2240 Words

I found myself thinking sociologically when I realized that equality in Canada is less practiced as what the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 claims. In this constitution, it is stated that every individual should be treated equally regardless of their race, ethnicity, colour, religion, sex, age, and any disability; however, in reality, individuals experience inequality in the form of racism throughout the Canadian society. For instance, a few months ago, a black male was asked to leave the St. Laurent shopping centre by the mall securities as the position of his pants were viewed as not family-friendly but this type of fashion is normal for teenagers who are influenced by the hip-hop culture. As the man did not want to cause any trouble,†¦show more content†¦Moreover, in 1940s, Canadian –born, black students were not admitted in Canadian nursing schools because of the idea that Canadian hospitals would not hire them. Thus, the author concludes that Black nurses face racism today because of the historical exclusion and segmentation in the labour market. The authors, Gillian Creese and Tania Das Gupta, both demonstrate that equality is less pronounced than the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 states. Although these two articles were written on different time periods in history, both articles display racism in the Canadian society, specifically at a workplace. Creese focuses on the experiences of Chinese workers whereas Gupta investigates the experiences of Black nurses. However, Creeses description of racism is more extreme than Guptas, which could indicate that there has been an improvement in equality in Canada. Regardless, these articles prove that there is a difference between the promise made by the constitution and reality. Canada is known as a multicultural nation and is praise internationally for its immigration policy. However, there has been an issue of racial profiling in the criminal justice system. The article â€Å"The Usual Suspects: Police Stop and Search Practices in Canada† by Scot Wortley and Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, explores the existence of racial profiling. The authors argue that racial discrimination has existed throughout the Canadian society,Show MoreRelatedThe Canadian Constitution Act Of 19822150 Words   |  9 PagesTrudeau explained that the Constitution Act of 1982’s primary goal was to protect individual rights rather than collective rights. Furthermore, he thought territorially concentrated minorities should not be given special rights. Analyse the linguistic rights and the Aboriginal rights jurisprudence since 1982 and determine if Trudeau’s constitutional objective has materialized. Your answer should be no more than 1500 words. 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